Fix:
Short version is the 5V Vcc wire was cut in the engine harness between the firewall and timing chain cover. Long version is in a separate post down below.
What I've personally replaced:
- LPFP
- OEM Fuel filter
- OEM low pressure fuel sensor
- OEM HPFP and follower
What I've personally lost:
- Time
- Money
- Sanity
Alright, I'm going to swallow my pride and ask the experts here for help on this issue. I've done my research, and I'm fully aware that this pesky P0089 code has been discussed in detail several times over, but my problem persists after taking the recommended actions suggested to all those before me. I would really appreciate additional insight on this issue. I will spill my life's story since I bought the car to fill you all in on what was done and why. I don't mind driving a car with a CEL as long as I know the EXACT cause, but I don't want to cause any extra damage to the parts I replaced from not knowing what's actually wrong.
For background, the money pit in question is a 2007 A4 2.0t quattro 6-spd that I bought from my friend, who bought from some other guy so the service background is pretty limited. I do know that the cam follower was inspected and replaced by the PO less than an oil change ago before I bought it, with no abnormal signs of wear to the follower or cam. I bought the car knowing about the P code, but it drove fine with no misfires, stutters or hiccups so I figured it'd be alright since the cam follower checked out. I've never driven an FSI quattro before so I guess I have nothing to compare it to for acceleration, but considering the power to weight it seemed to check out to me. When I finally got around to using my buddy's VAGCOM for diagnosis (sorry I only have a crappy csv file that I don't know how to link), I was noticing that the group 103 "Current - Fuel Pressure" and "Fuel Pressure - Regulator" values were pretty rock steady at 3.93 bar and 4000 respectively, and the 106 "Electric Fuel - Pump 1/2" was fluctuating at idle in the 80's%. The "Fuel Rail - Pressure (actual)" however was at 50 bar and would increase with engine load and rpm as I would expect, ~100 bar on acceleration before I would shift (keeping it below 3k rpms).
Originally the high duty cycle with poor low pressure led me to believe that the LPFP and or filter were bad and at 200k miles it wouldn't be bad to replace and check condition of tank/pump. I replaced the pump, filter, and inspected the tank and saw now crud or buildup. Cleared the code, drove to fill the tank back up and sure enough the CEL came back on my way home. I then figured the G410 sensor would be the culprit and replaced that with a brand new rev k from ECS tuning. Installed it, cleared the code, drove around and the light came back. Decided to grab my buddy's VAGCOM again and see if anything changed. The 103 "Current - Fuel Pressure" actually went down slightly to 3.2 bar or so and the other values remained the same as before.
At this point I was furious. I read here that someone had a problem with the pressure relief valve being stuck open so I looked at fuel pressure with a hot engine just after IG off and back on again. I was seeing pressures at the fuel rail rise from 50 bar up to 110 bar until I decided there was no real pressure leaks on the high side.
This led me to believe that the pressure regulator module on the HPFP could be stuck or faulty or something so I replaced the HPFP with a new one. when I finally installed the new pump and cleared the code the car felt great. Ran fine and the the placebo affect made me think that I gained more HP. Unfortunately the CEL came back at the same exact point on my way back from the gas station as before, and I nearly punched a hole in my dash I was so upset. More money down the hole and the VAGCOM came back with the EXACT same 103 and 106 values as before. To note, I monitored the group 230 to check specified and actual rail pressures and the actual pressure never deviated more than a bar or two from specified.
It's at this point I decided to do so some electrical testing on the new G410 sensor and connector from the ECU in order to know exactly why I kept seeing a rock steady, with maybe +/- 0.01 bar, reading from this sensor. I found that the connector has a good 4.9V Vcc reading with reference to both battery ground and signal ground while the sensor is unplugged. I measured resistance of the signal ground to battery ground and it's about 7 ohms so I figured I don't have any open circuits, or poor grounding between connector and ECU. I moved on to making a harness that would let me plug the sensor into the connector, and measure each wire individually, while the engine is running. This is where I though things got interesting.
With the sensor plugged in, and the engine running, I was reading 1.6V at Vcc, 1.1V at signal, and 0V at ground. I decided to see if the old sensor was any different while just measuring atmospheric pressure. Plugged it in without being screwed into the HPFP and sure enough, relatively same voltages. I disconnected the engine harness connector from the sensor and the Vcc went back up to 5V. I thought this was odd and was curious to see if plugging in the old sensor would show an atmospheric pressure if I left it dangling in the air, but no... 3.82 bar on VCDS. So I am thinking this MUST be an electrical issue. Either an issue with the sensors or ECU internally since neither sensor moved from the ~3bar reading regardless of actual pressure at the sensor. Thinking it was the ECU supply voltage, I took a 5 volt known supply and fed it to the sensor to measure the output voltage. In ambient it was around 4.5V or so... I honestly cant remember, but the pressure reading at the ECU detected the same as when the connector is unplugged (super strange I think).
I was fiddling around with a potentiometer and the 5V power supply to try and trick the ECU into thinking there was a good sensor, and was able to get a reading of 5-6 bar (which would finally fluctuate with accel pedal input). This dropped the LPFP duty cycle down to 50%, but when I inspected my wiring I noticed I was feeding the signal line with 5V and the Vcc line was at 1.6V or so. Thinking the wiring in the engine harness got swapped (has happened to me on other projects), I swapped power and signal to the sensor but the ECU basically detected an open/short condition so I really don't know what could be wrong. A combination of being tired, poor lighting, and hunger made me cut the testing short that night.
My question becomes this... what are the odds of having two bad sensors or a bad ECU? I don't have another running FSI engine at my disposal for me to do similar electrical tests on to see what the typical characteristics are for this particular sensor. So I was wondering if anyone had any insight before I drop even more money on an ECU, a trip to the dealer to have immobi registered, VIN written, and to have it potentially have the same or more P codes. I would be inclined to believe that this sensor should have a constant 5V Vcc even while plugged in, but without knowing the characteristics of this particular pressure sensor, I have no idea what the typical behavior should be, if the ECU is measuring absolute voltage, or a differential to determine the low fuel pressure.
I have not been able to get at the ECU or the fuses/relays that might be under the plastic ECU cover to check for corrosion, but the car was from Alabama so I doubt there would be anything, let alone something causing an electrical fault on just this one sensor exclusively. I will check though to rule it out. I haven't replaced the fuel pump controller because I was able to get the duty cycle down when I was messing with voltages to the ECU, and I haven't done a fuel pressure test with a mechanical gauge because if the ECU was reading the sensor correctly I would expect the pressure to fluctuate by more than 0.01 bar whilst I spank the accelerator pedal to show it who's boss. If it turns out that someone can attest to voltages of ~1.6V Vcc while plugged in to a working sensor, then I will try a pressure test and drop the tank to inspect the controller. I assume the schrader valve on the HPFP would be pressurized to the theoretical 5-6 bar low pressure value?
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